B30-BUDGET26-T16 कैपिटल एक्सपेंडिचर (Capital Expenditure / Capex)
सरल व्याख्या (Hindi):
कैपिटल एक्सपेंडिचर वह सरकारी खर्च होता है जिससे नई संपत्तियाँ (assets) बनती हैं
या सरकार की देनदारियाँ (liabilities) कम होती हैं।
इसमें इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर प्रोजेक्ट, लोन देना और इक्विटी इन्वेस्टमेंट जैसे खर्च शामिल होते हैं।
English Explanation:
Capital expenditure is spending that creates assets or reduces liabilities,
including infrastructure projects, loans, and equity investments.
HCAM™ Hinglish Explanation:
Ye wo kharcha hota hai jo future ke liye asset create karta hai
ya long-term benefit deta hai.
Roads, bridges, railways banana ya kisi project mein invest karna
capital expenditure ke common examples hain.
HCAM™ Signal:
Task: Asset creation → Outcome: Capacity build → Impact: Growth multiplier →
Consequence: Long-term payoff
Effective capital expenditure kya hota hai?
Capital expenditure plus wo grants jo asset banate hain -dono milkar effective capital expenditure banta hai. Example: Highway + state ko infra grant.
How is capital expenditure different from revenue expenditure?
Capital expenditure creates assets or reduces liabilities, such as infrastructure, loans, or equity investment. Revenue expenditure is routine spending like salaries, subsidies, pensions, and interest payments, where no asset is created.
कैपिटल एक्सपेंडिचर को growth multiplier क्यों माना जाता है?
क्योंकि कैपिटल एक्सपेंडिचर से सड़क, रेल, पुल, बिजली या अन्य इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर जैसी संपत्तियाँ बनती हैं, जो भविष्य में उत्पादन क्षमता, कनेक्टिविटी और आर्थिक गतिविधि बढ़ाती हैं। इसलिए इसका असर कई स्तरों पर growth को multiply कर सकता है।
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